They describe the settlement of the area and the founding of churches, schools, and businesses. You can also find lists of early settlers, soldiers, and civil officials. Even if your ancestor is not listed, information on other relatives may provide important clues for locating your ancestor.
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Saskatchewan Wiki Topics. Adopt-a-wiki page This page adopted by: The Saskatchewan GenWeb and its members who welcome you to contribute. Adopt a page today. Date accessed March 3, Publisher Printed by J. Lovell, Provincial secretary's office. Digitized by Google Books 20 Sep Papers relative to the exploration by Captain Palliser of that portion of British North America which lies between the northern branch of the River Saskatchewan and the frontier of the United States; and between the Red River and Rocky Mountains: presented to both Houses of Parliament by command of Her Majesty, June Command papers Great Britain.
It also includes a sandy region south of Lake Athabasca. On the western boundary and across the southwest corner is another plains region of generally higher altitudes. Its rolling and hilly terrain is distinct from that of the grain belt. The extreme southwest the province shares the Cypress Hills with Alberta.
All of these zones cross the province on a southeast diagonal. A band of subarctic forest tundra exists along the northern boundary. South of that band is a broad region of northern coniferous forest. A third band of mixed woods is below that.
The northern agricultural belt is aspen parkland, the central is mid-grass prairie and the southernmost is short-grass prairie. Four major basins drain the province: the Mackenzie and Churchill in the north and the Saskatchewan and Qu'Appelle-Assiniboine in the south. Both agriculture and industrial development particularly the production of potash require large amounts of water.
Saskatchewan is heavily dependent on river flows and precipitation. The river systems in the agricultural sector use water that comes mainly from snow melt in the Rocky Mountains , and snowfall there is subject to wide variations.
Precipitation within the province is similarly unreliable. See also Geography of Saskatchewan. Evidence of Aboriginal peoples in Saskatchewan can be traced to at least 10, BCE, when hunters followed the migratory herds of bison , leaving behind arrowheads and ashes.
The first European explorers, most of them seeking routes for the fur trade, appeared late in the 17th century, and were in time joined by more scientific travellers who expanded knowledge of the area throughout the 19th century.
Actual settlement was preceded in most sections by the establishment, in , of the North-West Mounted Police , after which homesteaders, attracted by land that was all but free, poured in at an accelerated rate. The census revealed 19, inhabitants, the census, , and the census, , Thereafter the population levelled off and even declined considerably, partly because the Second World War drained off people to the armed forces and industrial plants elsewhere; after the population fluctuated between , and , In , the population was 1,, The first immigrants settled in areas suited to agriculture in the southern half of Saskatchewan where most residents still live.
Towns and villages served as supply depots for farm implements and related service industries, and, with the rise of non-agricultural production, rural areas have steadily lost population to urban ones.
Prince Albert, as the province's most northerly city, performs a special function as a "gateway to the north. Despite its predominantly urban population, Saskatchewan's vast expanses of open landscape, combined with the conspicuous architecture of grain elevators in the villages and towns, continues to convey the impression of a predominantly agricultural province.
Saskatchewan's labour force has reflected the changes in the provincial economy, as urban workers have steadily replaced farmers and their helpers. Union organization began around the turn of the century in Moose Jaw and Regina, principally among skilled tradesmen in printing and railways, but the development of the economy did not encourage influential union activity of the kind familiar in heavily industrialized communities.
The largest single unions are not primarily of steelworkers or automobile makers, but of teachers and public servants, although unions are active in such areas as the retail and wholesale trades, and in oil and potash. Although the province was one of the chief sufferers during the Great Depression and drought of the s, the technology of later decades has been more conducive to sustaining its labour force.
Historically one of the lowest in the country, the rate remained low post recession, even as other provinces struggled to rebound. By comparison, the national average for that year was 6. As in other provinces with economies particularly linked to oil and gas prices namely Alberta the unemployment rate tends to rise as oil prices drop. English is the dominant mother tongue in Saskatchewan. However, a number of non-official languages are spoken in the homes of Saskatchewan residents, with Tagalog, Algonquian, Cree-Montagnais, and Chinese languages numbering the highest, according to the census.
The current predominance of English was written into the conditions by which Saskatchewan joined Confederation in Owing to the protest of Clifford Sifton , minister of the interior, Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier withdrew provisions made in the Autonomy Acts to protect the rights of French Catholics. When European settlement of Saskatchewan began in earnest, residents of French origin slightly outnumbered those of British, but both comprised less than 11 per cent of the population — almost all the rest were Aboriginal peoples.
According to the Census, German, English and Canadian were the most cited ethnic origins. Of this number, Filipino, South Asian and Chinese people represent the largest groups. Saskatchewan has a large indigenous community compared to other provinces. In , 16 per cent of the population identified as Aboriginal. The majority of Saskatchewan is Christian , with 72 per cent of the population identifying with a Christian denomination in The next largest religious group were those identifying with Aboriginal spirituality about one per cent , followed by Muslims , Buddhists and Hindus each less than one per cent.
Those claiming no religious affiliation numbered 24 per cent. Throughout the province's history, religious groups have been active in expressing their views on such varied social issues as prohibition, immigration, education and the language used in schools. Religious factors lie behind the division of the province's public schools into Protestant and Roman Catholic systems, and a particularly bitter confrontation occurred in the late s when the Ku Klux Klan took the lead in inflaming the electorate over religious symbols specifically Catholic in the schools.
The Conservative Party was perceived at the time to have Klan support, and hence some Catholic voters thereafter were thought to be supporters of the party's opponents. However, in , the party, led by a Roman Catholic, won an overwhelming victory. The earliest human inhabitants of the area that became Saskatchewan were nomadic Aboriginal peoples grouped roughly from north to south as follows: three tribes of the Athapaskan linguistic group the Chipewyan , the Amisk and the Slavey ; two groups speaking Algonquian the Cree and the Blackfoot ; and two tribes of the Siouan group the Assiniboine and the Gros Ventres.
Each of the three main language groups occupied approximately a third of the area. Those in the north depended heavily on caribou and moose as a staple food; those in the southern third i. These peoples lived in small groups and did not live within fixed territorial boundaries. Exploration of the Canadian prairies came as the fur trade expanded to meet European demand for beaver pelts, which were used to make hats. The Europeans, once they had discovered the usefulness of the plains for this purpose, wasted little time in moving in.
None penetrated north of the Churchill River until , when David Thompson explored the area before heading to Lake Athabasca. At that time little was known of the southern third of the province, but in Peter Fidler crossed the area using the South Saskatchewan River.
Aboriginal peoples participated in the fur trade by trapping furs as well as procuring supplies for the European traders. Others served as middlemen between the trading posts and Aboriginal groups farther to the west. Some groups such as the Cree, Ojibwa and Assiniboine moved west as the fur trade expanded to maintain their role in the trade. Contact with Europeans brought great changes to Aboriginal culture and society.
The introduction of the horse and the rifle changed the method by which Aboriginal peoples hunted buffalo and other big game upon which they were reliant. Additionally, horses , which were able to carry more than humans or dogs, allowed for a greater accumulation of wealth and more elaborate cultural institutions. Beginning in , epidemics of European diseases, such as smallpox , devastated the Aboriginal population, as did the introduction of alcohol.
Not all exploration was motivated by profit. Men interested in the land and the environment entered the region a century behind the traders.
The best known of the early observers were Sir John Franklin and Dr. John Richardson , between and , and John Palliser in — Previously, the Northwest had been viewed as a desolate wasteland, unsuited for settlement.
The reports produced by the Palliser and Hind expeditions refuted this long-held belief and helped to encourage European settlement and agricultural development in the region. In , in order to facilitate westward expansion and, hopefully, avoid the type of conflicts occurring in the United States, the Canadian government began negotiating treaties with Aboriginal peoples in the Northwest to extinguish their title to the land and establish reserves for Aboriginal settlement.
Aboriginal leaders signed these treaties to maintain as much of their traditional way of life as possible while adapting to the challenges they faced resulting from the encroachment by European settlers and the devastating collapse of the buffalo population. Aboriginal leaders insisted on making grants of farm implements and animals part of the treaties. Although traditionally nomadic, they sought to take up agriculture as they could no longer rely on the buffalo as their principal food source.
Their efforts, however, were undermined by maladministration by the Canadian government. Using the nearly-completed Canadian Pacific Railway , the government was able to send troops to the Northwest and quickly put down both uprisings. Aboriginal leaders Big Bear , Poundmaker and One Arrow were sentenced to prison, and the government implemented more restrictive measures to subjugate Aboriginal populations. Also during this time, in , Parliament passed the first Dominion Lands Act , a provision for homesteaders and an act to stimulate immigration.
In —83 the first railway lines crossed the area in a southern route through Regina and Moose Jaw. The prerequisites for European immigration and settlement were therefore all in place well before The impact of their combined influence shows dramatically in the statistics.
In the population of the area was 32,, half of whom were British and 44 per cent were Aboriginal. Just over 25 years later, in , the population was ,, half of which was still British, and the Aboriginal population had dropped to 2. Many of the immigrants who came during this period were eastern Europeans, especially Ukrainians , whom Minister of the Interior Clifford Sifton regarded as the ideal candidates to settle the West. The British had by then consolidated their hold on familiar political institutions; the principles of responsible government , which held the Cabinet responsible to a majority of the legislature, were settled in Provincial status, first sought in , came in , and with it the relevant apparatus of parliamentary government.
See also Saskatchewan and Confederation. The province's size and shape were important; although many leading Prairie politicians favoured one large western province, the federal authorities always insisted that the western plains were too large to be made into a single constitutional entity.
Depending on where one settled its northern boundary, such a province could have been the largest in Canada, a potential economic threat to the central heartland. In any event, in the federal government retained jurisdiction over crown lands in Saskatchewan. Settlement proceeded in a generally northwesterly direction, most of the arable area being occupied by the s. The pattern of settlement itself profoundly affected the nature of Saskatchewan society.
Both were killed in Afghanistan. The Saskatchewan Party won a third majority in the provincial election, giving Brad Wall a third consecutive term as premier. Born in on a farm near Oungre, Saskatchewan , Kives showed a natural talent for sales in his youth. He worked for several years as a travelling salesman before founding K-Tel International in the early s. The company marketed everything from kitchen gadgets to compilation records, and became profitable under the leadership of Kives, who personally pitched products on K-Tel infomercials and even claimed to have invented this form of advertising.
Few players have come close to matching his overall proficiency, and none his longevity. Kenny Shields, lead singer of the hard-rock band Streetheart , died in Winnipeg , Manitoba , at age The band performed and recorded until the mids, enjoying significant popularity in Canada and winning a Juno Award.
Shields later went on to perform under his own name was inducted, with Streetheart, into the Western Canadian Music Hall of Fame in From there, oil would have been exported to other countries.
The company cited changing market conditions and delays in assessments carried out by the National Energy Board as reasons for its decision. Search The Canadian Encyclopedia. Remember me. I forgot my password. Why sign up?
Create Account. February 27, Government and Politics Sifton Resigns Interior minister Clifford Sifton resigned from the federal Cabinet in a dispute over guarantees for separate schools in the Act making Alberta and Saskatchewan provinces of Canada.
September 01, Government and Politics Alberta and Saskatchewan Become Provinces Alberta and Saskatchewan entered Canada as the 8th and 9th provinces by two federal Acts which received royal assent on 20 July.
March 14, Government and Politics Saskatchewan Women Get Vote Saskatchewan women won the rights to vote and to hold provincial office. July 01, Government and Politics Dominion Elections Act The Dominion Elections Act enfranchised many of those who had been disenfranchised during the First World War, such as those originating from countries with which Canada had been at war.
August 01, Government and Politics Resources and Environment Grain Accepted for Tuition Payments The government of Saskatchewan announced that feed grain would be accepted as payment for university tuition for children of farmers in the province. November 29, Communication and Culture Saskatchewan Hijacking Naim Djemal hijacked an aircraft over Saskatchewan, assaulted a stewardess and ordered the pilot to fly to Cyprus.
January 28, Resources and Environment Saskatchewan Takes Over Potash Saskatchewan passed legislation to take over the potash industry. January 30, Government and Politics Right to Strike Upheld by Supreme Court The Supreme Court of Canada decided that the right to strike was constitutionally protected under the freedom of association clause of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
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